A confounder is a variable that can influence the results of a study. For example, letโs say weโre looking at the live birth rates of women who are doing ICSI and conventional IVF. A confounder might be their age which can influence the results independently of ICSI and conventional IVF. We can control for the age variable by looking at what the results are for each age group. This can be done using statistical methods where researchers โstatistically adjustโ their results to control for confounders.
