Most long-term health outcomes appear similar between children conceived through IVF and those conceived without fertility treatment. A few small differences have been reported, but some may be related to the parents’ underlying infertility rather than the fertility treatment itself.
A 2026 randomized trial found that natural FETs had similar healthy live birth rates to medicated FETs, but were linked to lower risks of preeclampsia, pregnancy loss, and some other pregnancy complications.
Researchers in a 2025 study showed that women with endometriosis or adenomyosis had lower IVF success overall after 3 IVF cycles, with more differences in the first, fresh transfer.
Researchers in a 2022 study found an increase in childhood cancer rates in children born from frozen embryo transfers (FETs) compared to fresh transfers or spontaneously conceived births, however the small sample size of those affected with cancer make it hard to draw conclusions.
The post discusses various frozen embryo transfer protocols, which includes a medicated FET, natural cycle FET (true natural/modified natural), and mild ovarian stimulated FET, along with their scheduling. In addition, it examines whether one FET protocol is superior to another, the relevance of the corpus luteum in medicated vs natural cycle FETs, and optimal progesterone levels.
Researchers in a 2022 study compared the impact of endometrial thickness on pregnancy outcomes in fresh and frozen embryo transfer cycles.